Understanding The Japanese Property Layout
General Floor Plan Layout in Japan
Japanese apartments and houses often use unique layout notations (like 1R, 1K, 1DK, 1LDK, 2LDK) that can confuse foreign investors. By learning this system, you can quickly assess how livable a property is, and how attractive it will be to future renters.
1. Room Notation System
Numbers indicate the number of bedrooms or multipurpose rooms (e.g., “1” = one main room, “2” = two).
L = Living room (separate space for sitting, relaxing).
D = Dining area (space for table and chairs).
K = Kitchen (if the kitchen has its own partition, not just a corner in the room).
R = Room (usually a studio without a separate kitchen).
Example: 1LDK = one bedroom + living + dining + kitchen.
2. Typical Layouts & Uses
1R (One Room): Compact studio, often 15–25 m². Popular with students and young singles.
1K (One Kitchen): Slightly larger than 1R, with a separate kitchen area. Common starter apartments.
1DK (Dining Kitchen): Bedroom + dining/kitchen area. Suitable for couples or small households.
1LDK: Separate bedroom plus larger combined living/dining/kitchen area. Popular with professionals or small families.
2LDK and above: Suitable for families, commanding higher rent in central areas.
3. Cultural Design Features
Tatami Rooms: Traditional woven-straw mat flooring, still found in older or suburban properties. Often measured by tatami count (e.g., “6畳 = 6 tatami mats ≈ 9.7 m²”).
Compact Bathrooms: “Unit baths” combine shower and tub in one molded space; common in 1R/1K. Higher-end units may have separate bath and toilet.
Genkan: Entryway area where shoes are removed — a unique cultural space that affects usable floor plan.
Balconies: Almost all apartments have them, often used for laundry drying and emergency escape route.
4. Investment Impact
Smaller units (1R, 1K): High turnover but consistent demand from students and singles in big cities. Often deliver stronger rental yields but shorter tenancy.
Mid-range (1DK, 1LDK): Balance between affordability and livability. Attract working couples or stable long-term tenants.
Larger units (2LDK+): Lower rental yield % but higher absolute rent. Best for families in suburban areas close to good schools and express train access.
Tatami vs. modern layouts: Younger tenants increasingly prefer Western-style layouts, but tatami can appeal to certain demographics.
Once you learn the simple notation, Japanese layouts become easy to understand. With Mpathian’s guidance, you’ll know which floor plans are most desirable for renters — ensuring your investment stays attractive and profitable.